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Practical considerations for monitoring invasive mammal eradication outcomes

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Bird, J.P.

Holmes, N.D.

Shaw, J.D.

Varnham, K.

Monitoring provides important evidence to evaluate if invasive mammal eradications on islands achieved conservation goals and to inform future allocation of conservation funds. However, monitoring can be costly, and compete with management actions for resources, so it is important that efforts are targeted. It can be difficult to obtain results of monitoring from previous projects, which puts future projects at a disadvantage when projecting possible conservation outcomes. In this short paper we discuss practical considerations for designing monitoring associated with an eradication programme. We focus on the ecological outcomes of invasive species eradication, as opposed to speci?cally monitoring if an eradication was successful or not. We identify major motivations for undertaking monitoring and present a decision tree intended to improve the efficiency of monitoring by supporting project managers determining when and what to monitor, and how to incorporate monitoring into project planning.

Community-based conservation and recovery of native species on Monuriki Island, Fiji

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Brown, J.

Chand, R.

Cranwell, S.

Fisher, R.N.

Harlow, P.

Lovich, K.

Niukula, J.

Rasalato, S.

Seniloli, E.

Thaman, B.

Thomas-Moko, N.

Vadada, J.

The small uninhabited island of Monuriki (40.4 ha) in western Fiji is of national and international conservation concern for its several protected species. Exotic invasive species and a Category 5 cyclone have exacerbated conservation challenges. The cooperation of local, national, and international stakeholders continues to be crucial in restoration of the islands native ?ora and fauna. This summary presents a timeline of restoration efforts and current status of the recovery programme for Monuriki. The critically endangered dry forest habitat of Fiji is only found in a few isolated patches on disparate islands. The Fijian crested iguana (Brachylophus cf. vitiensis) is a critically endangered species restricted to a few small islands in this dry forest zone of western Fiji. The population of crested iguanas on Monuriki Island is the third largest remaining population. Even before iguanas were ?rst documented on the island in the early 1980s, individuals had been removed by local resorts for display purposes, a practice that was previously unregulated. In the late 1990s, the ?rst efforts to conserve and restore Monuriki Island were discussed, but conservation initiatives were not implemented until the development of the Crested Iguana Recovery Plan in 2008. In 2011, domestic goats (Capra hircus) and non-native rats (Rattus exulans) were removed from the island, and 10 pairs of iguanas were brought into captive breeding facilities within Fiji. In 2015, the ?rst 32 captive-bred crested iguanas were released back on Monuriki Island. More than half of these iguanas (N=26) were radio-tracked for 56 days post-release in order to assess survivorship and help provide insights into their short-term movement patterns. Of the 26 iguanas that were tracked, nearly 70% (N=18) were found after 56 days indicating excellent short-term survival. In February 2016, Tropical Cyclone Winston, a Category 5 storm passed through Fiji and devastated some of the tropical dry forest habitat on Monuriki. With sustained winds of up to 230 km/ hr nearly all of the canopy leaves from trees on Monuriki Island were removed and large amounts of debris covered the forest ?oor. Following the cyclone, a brief wildlife survey revealed Monurikis iguana and bird populations were still present. In 2017, the crested iguana captive breeding programme was brought to an end when 16 of the original 20 iguana founders, and an additional 32 captive bred o? spring, were reintroduced onto Monuriki. This was accomplished, in part, due to successful breeding and reestablishment of the remaining wild iguanas on the island. Despite a major storm event, reestablishment likely resulted from reduced egg and hatchling predation by the rats, and excellent habitat recovery after goat removal. Overall these invasive species eradications have proven highly successful for the recovery of the iguanas, wedge-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus paci?cus), and several other non-target species including the banded rail (Gallirallus philippensis) and endangered Fijian peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). Furthermore, eradication of non-native species has also helped the recovery of the highly threatened tropical dry forest ecosystem in which these species exist.

Stratégie nationale sur la gestion de lénvironnement á líntention des éstats et territories insulaires Océaniens

SPREP Publications, Environmental Governance

Available Online

PROE

NEMs is SPREP's Environmental Monitoring and Governance (EMG) Programme provides technical support in collaboration with member countries'environmental agencies.

Samoa : National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan (NISSAP) : 2019-2024

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

The NISSAP 2019-2024 is an updated version of the initial NISAP 2008-2011, developed in alignment with the key actions identified in the Samoa National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2015-2020, the key actions provide the framework for conservation works and sustainable management of biological resources in Samoa

Traditional or comtemporary weather and climate forecasts: reaching Pacific communities

Available Online

Chambers, L. Lui, S. Plotz. et al

In most countries, weather seasonal climate forecasts are available through national meteorological services (NMSs).

Soundbites 2019

Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme

The electronic newsletter of the Pacific Invasives Learning Network (PILN) - reporting on invasives news from PILN teams and the Pacific region. Past issues are available online.

Global Reef Expedition: New Caledonia. Final Report, Vol.10

Available Online

Carlton, R.

Dempsey, A.

Faisal, M.

Lubarsky, K.

Purkis, S.

The GRE mission to New Caledonia was specifically chosed to develop high-resolution habitat maps and conduct surveys to better understand the unique reef habitats found there. The study was to document and map coral reef habitats and fish communities of the Entrecasteaux Atolls, Cook reef, Ile des Pins and Prony Bay.

new caledonia

Pacific ecosystem-based adaptation to Climate Change (PEBACC) newsletter, Issue 8 (Dec 2019)

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Secretariat of the Regional Environment Programme

Welcome to another edition of the PEBACC newsletter. As we review the events of this quarter, we are pleased to showcase some of our stories from the field in our project countries

A better world - Volume 5 Sustainable cities and communities

Available Online

Volume 5 outlines the concept, the main elements and the current international framework for assessing the progress towards SDG 11.

Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 15.Psittacula krameri, the Rose-Ringed Parakeet (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae)

Available Online

Kalodimos, N.

Shiels, A.

The rose-ringed parakeet (RRP), Psittacula krameri, has become established in at least four Pacific Island countries (Hong Kong China, Japan, New Zealand, U.S.A.), including the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu, and Hawaii. Most Pacific islands are at risk of RRP colonization. This species was first introduced to Hong Kong in 1903 and Hawaii in the 1930s1960s, established since 1969 in Japan, and in New Zealand since 2005 where it has repeatedly established after organized removals. The founding birds were imported cage-birds from the pet trade. In native India, RRP are generally found associated with human habitation and are considered a severe agricultural pest. In the Hawaiian Islands, RRP are increasing and expanding their geographic ranges below 500m elevation. Population estimates in 2018 on Kauai were ?6,800 birds, which was a three-fold increase and a 22.5% annual growth rate in the prior 6 years, whereas Oahu had ?4,560 birds with a 21% annual growth rate the prior 9 years; these rates suggest a population doubling time of ?3.5 years. Wild RRP can live 14+ years, can reproduce after 1.5 years, and have few effective predators. Breeding pairs produce 13 fledglings annually. RRP are seed predators and rarely seed dispersers; their flock-foraging behavior can result in severe damage to orchard and field agricultural crops including tropical fruit and corn (Zea mays), and such economic damages are especially pronounced on Kauai. Island societies should prevent new introductions and consider RRP deterrents and population control methods to protect resources.

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