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Recyclable Project - Sustainable Financing and Disaster Waste Management : Vanuatu

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Waste received at the main landfill in Vanuatu comprises 35% beverage containers, which are also seen as litter and in dumpsites or burnt in pits. Vanuatu is highly vulnerable to natural disasters, but lacks resources and infrastructure to safely and effectively manage the waste caused by these events.

Healthcare Project - Healthcare Waste Management Project to Improve Long-term Management of Healthcare Waste in Timor Leste

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Timor-Leste currently has five main hospitals throughout its provinces, and most of these have a limited focus on healthcare waste management. Waste segregation in hospitals is attempted, but not effectively managed, as there is currently no operational way to manage the waste generated.

Hazardous Waste - Environmentally Sound Management of Hazardous Waste (Asbestos, E-waste and Healthcare waste : Papua New Guinea

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Hazardous waste management remains a challenge in Papua New Guinea, where exposure to toxic substances and chemicals have adverse impacts on public health and the environment. Increased exposure to hazardous waste is known to cause disease and create serious health problems.

A New Prespective on the work Boundary Organisations: Bridging Knowledge Between Marine Conservation actors in Pacific Small Island Developing States

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Latour, Moritz

Van Laerhoven, Frank

In the face of growing pressures on the marine environment, evidence-based decision making in the realm of marine conservation policies is of utmost importance. Through their boundary work, comprising the transfer of knowledge through the production of boundary objects and the facilitation of knowledge exchange, boundary organisations stand out as highly promising in bridging the gap between science and policymaking.

Model National Healthcare Waste Management Strategy & Implementation Guidelines : June 2025

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

A healthcare waste management policy provides detail as to the specific objectives for an effective and sustainable healthcare waste management system. A Healthcare Waste Management Strategy & Implementation Guidelines document provides the specific requirements for implementation of healthcare waste policy. This Model Strategy and Guideline is designed to assist Pacific Island Countries to reflect the requirements of appropriate national Acts and the Regulations, as they apply to managing the health and safety risks, and environmental risks posed by healthcare waste. The Model Strategy and Guideline should be tailored to the individual legislative framework of the country seeking to adopt and implement the Strategy and Guideline. As such, this Model Strategy and Guideline is designed to provide base information that is easily tailored to specific circumstances and legislation used in Country. Lastly, this document contains all critical elements needed to produce a National Healthcare Waste Management Strategy and Implementation Guideline. However, depending on circumstances, some of the Strategy and Guideline sections may not be needed. In those situations, those sections should be excised from the final document adopted.

Recommended Safe Options for Landfill Disposal of ACM Wastes in Pacific Island Countries

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Recently asbestos waste removal actions in the Pacific Island region included off- island disposal, whereas local disposal would have been more economic and appropriate. Proper landfill disposal of asbestos containing material (ACM) waste remains a key strategy for ensuring the safe containment of ACM, preventing fibre release, and minimizing environmental and human health impacts. Some Pacific countries with suitable facilities and procedures in place do permit the disposal of asbestos to land. Requirements and best practices for the two landfill options, i.e., (1) dedicated ACM landfill cell, (2) co-disposal in a sanitary landfill, are provided. The dedicated ACM landfill cell option offers enhanced safety but requires some specialized landfill design, while the co-disposal in a sanitary landfill is a lower-cost option but requires that strict landfill management practices be followed.

Costs Associated with the Design, Construction, and Operation of a Landfill Cell in Pacific Island Countries - Factsheet

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

To dispose of asbestos containing material in local landfills in the Pacific, very specific activities are required to ensure the safety of the local community and environment. Cost components for the development of an asbestos containing material landfill cell are documented utilizing a Nauru scenario.

Disposal of Asbestos Waste in Pacific Island Countries/Territories : A Position Paper, March 2025

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

This Position Paper highlights the problem of asbestos disposal in the Pacific region, including Timor Leste. There remains a significant amount of legacy asbestos containing material (ACM) to be managed and the safe disposal of ACM waste is the focus of this paper. Once landfilled or entombed, the asbestos containing material (ACM) should not be disturbed. A PESTLE analysis little doubt that local burial of asbestos waste, conducted and maintained under strict health and safety protocols, is the best solution to the legacy issues of ACM in Pacific Island countries. However, some challenges remain, including political and community resistance, cultural concerns, and securing adequate funding for infrastructure.

Managing Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) Waste in the Pacific - Factsheet

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Asbestos has been widely used in the Pacific and represents a significant health risk to Pacific Islanders who may be exposed to the asbestos fibres. With proper management, risks from asbestos containing material (ACM) waste can be effectively controlled. The safest way to dispose of ACM waste in the Pacific is local disposal in well-managed landfills. This reduces costs, prevents environmental harm, and ensures the safety of communities for future generations.

Asbestos in Soils - Factsheet

SPREP Publications, Waste Management and Pollution Control

Available Online

Note that this factsheet applies principally to poor historical management of asbestos materials, and not to illegal disposal or landfilling activities related to waste generated offsite. Inhalation of asbestos fibers is the only infection route established as causing harm to people. Other exposure routes (such as dermal contact or clothing contamination) may contribute to secondary exposure i.e. subsequent re-release of fibers into the air and inhalation following the initial exposure and are therefore important. If friable asbestos, i.e., materials that are easily crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder with hand pressure, are identified in or on soil, all the following actions shall be taken: isolate and secure the area, minimize the release of fibers into the air, engage an appropriate asbestos removal contractor to conduct asbestos removal work.

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