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L'objectif de l'étude est de proposer un cadre juridique propice à la biosécurité de Wallis et Futuna, qui réinvestisse les dispositions préexistantes en les étoffant et les renforçant. Cela répond à un contexte où les textes relatifs à la biosécurité de Wallis-et-Futuna étais épars, hétérogènes et en partie obsolètes. Les enjeux de biosécurité poussent à la réflexion vers un corpus complet, cohérent et actualisé en la matière. Le droit international et régional, notamment les directives de Port-Moresby de 2007, permettent d’alimenter la réflexion en la matière. Pour réaliser cette proposition ont été réalisés : (i) des entretiens, (ii) des analyses bibliographiques et synthèses de doctrine, de droit comparé, de droit régional, de droit international, proposition légistique et (iii) des analyses bibliographiques, propositions de listes et de fiches techniques.

Invasive alien species (IASs) on islands have broad impacts across biodiversity, agriculture, economy, health and culture, which tend to be stronger than on continents. Across small-island developing states (SIDSs), although only a small number of IASs are widely distributed, many more, including those with greatest impact, are found on only a small number of islands. Patterns of island invasion are not consistent across SIDS geographic regions, with differences attributable to correlated patterns in island biogeography and human development. We identify 15 of the most globally prevalent IASs on islands. IAS impacts on islands are exacerbated through interactions with a number of other global change threats, including over-exploitation, agricultural intensification, urban development and climate change. Biosecurity is critical in preventing IAS invasion of islands. Eradication of IASs on islands is possible at early stages of invasion, but otherwise is largely restricted to invasive mammals, or otherwise control is the only option. Future directions in IAS management and research on islands must consider IASs within a broader portfolio of threats to species, ecosystems and people’s livelihoods on islands. We advocate for stronger collaborations among island countries and territories faced with the same IASs in similar socio-ecological environments.

Lying about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Australia, Vanuatu represents the main bulk of an island chain which continues into the eastern Solomon Islands. The islands are volcanic rock or uplifted carbonate structures and there is ongoing volcanic activity in a number of locations. Fringing reefs predominate. Crown-of-thorns sea star (Acanthaster planci) outbreaks have been reported. Up to the present time the larger islands have remained forested, however, increased logging threatens to destroy Vanuatu’s rainforests. Rising pollution from sewage inputs and sediment run off and overharvesting of some non-motile reef species are also concerns.

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