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Increasing infrastructure resilience with Nature-based Solutions (NbS): A 12-step technical guidance document for project developers

Available Online

Silva, M. Watson, G. Watkins, G et al

As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, climate change are becoming more acute and frequent, driving the need to ensure climate resilience in infrastructure investments across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Heat-evolved microalgal symbionts increase coral bleaching tolerance

Available Online

Buerger, P. Alvarez-Roa, C. Coppin C W. Pearce, S L. et al

Coral reefs worldwide are suffering mass mortalities from marine heat waves. With the aim of enhancing coral bleaching tolerance, we evolved 10 clonal strains of common coral microalgal endosymbiont at elevated temperatures (31 degree celsius) for 4 years in the laboratory. Coral populations globally have deteriorated over the past two to three decades due to climate change related marine heat waves.

Predicting the impacts of mining deep sea poly-metallic nodules in the Pacific Ocean: A review of Scientific Leterature

Available Online

Chin, A. and Hari, K.

Deep sea mining (DSM) in the Pacific is of growing interest to frontier investors, mining companies and some island economies. To date no commercial operations have been established but much seabed mineral exploration is occurring. The focus is on poly-metallic nodules in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the north-eastern equatorial Pacific, and in the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of several nations.

Biodiversity increases ecosystem functions despite multiple stressors on coral reefs.

Benkwitt, C E.

Graham, NAJ

Wilson, S K.

Positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) highlight the importance of conserving biodiversity to maintain key ecosystem functions and associated services. Although natural systems are rapidly losing biodiversity due to numerous of human-caused stressors, our understanding of how multiple stressors influence the BEF relationships comes largely from small experimental studies.

SPREP organisational values and code of conduct

SPREP Publications, Key SPREP Documents

Available Online

SPREP's vision is guided by its organisational values and code of conduct. A detailed article explaining each of the values and code of conduct that staff adheres to.

Designing Marine Spatial Planning Legislation for Implementation: A Guide for Legal Drafters

Available Online

International Union For Nature Conservation (IUCN)

Ocean and Coastal states around the world are increasingly seeking to better utilize and benefit from their ocean environments, which can be vast in comparison to their land areas. Conflicting human uses, a changing climate, and a desire to ensure long term sustainability compound the challenge to grow a robust "blue economy".

Data-driven approach for highlighting priority areas for protection in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction

Available Online

Visalli, M E. Best, B D. Cabral, R B. et al

One of the aims of the United Nations (UN) negotiations on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is to develop a legal process for the establishment of area-based management tools, including marine protected areas in ABNJ.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a large multi-use MPA in protecting Key Biodiversity Areas for marine predators.

Available Online

Handley, J M. Pearmain, E J. Oppel, S. et al

Marine protected areas can serve to regulate harvesting and conserve biodiversity. Within large multi-use MPAs, it is often unclear to what degree critical sites of biodiversity are afforded protection against commercial activities.

Biodiversity policy beyond economic growth

Available Online

Otero, I. Farrell, K N. Pueyo, S. et al

Increasing evidence shows that economic growth contributes to biodiversity loss via greater resource consumption and higher emissions. Nonetheless, a review of international biodiversity and sustainability policies shows that the majority advocate economic growth.

Global Forest Resources Assessment: Key Findings

Available Online

Food Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

The world has a total forest area of 4.06 billion hectares (ha) which is 31 percent of the total land area. This area is equivalent to 0.52 ha per person - although forests are not distributed equally among the world's peoples or geographically. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent) followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

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