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In recent decades, evidence for global climate change has spurred ecologists and conservationists to increase research efforts to better understand species-climate relationships. In marine ecosystems, change in average temperatures around the world are affecting species throughout all trophic level.

In the context of a changing climate, understanding the environmental drivers of marine megafauna distribution is important for conservation success. The extent of humpback whale breeding habitats and the impact of temperature variation on their availability are both unknown.