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A critical tool in this endeavour is the application of the mitigation hierarchy, a systematic approach to avoiding, minimizing, and compensating for environmental impacts. Complementing this, the IFC's Performance Standards provide a comprehensive framework for managing and mitigating social and environmental impacts.

A circular economy approach seeks to replace the 'take-make-waste' linear model with a circular model, rethinking how we produce, consume and dispose resources.

The Pacific Resilience Partnership was established by Pacific Island Forum Leaders in September 2017 to support the implementation of the Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific: An Integrated Approach to Address Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management 2017–2030 (FRDP).

The impact of waste and pollution is taking its toll on the health of communities, degrading natural ecosystems, threatening food security, impeding resilience to climate change, and adversely impacting social and economic development of countries in the region.

The pandemic further widened existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. Evidence also shows the reversal of hard-won gains in poverty reduction in several countries in the region. All this is happening alongside intensifying environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and te continued onslaught of natural hazards and climate change.

This guide introduces environmental indicators and provides an overview of SPREP’S core indicators for Pacific island countries. This document explains the development and use of environmental indicators in Part 1 and provides a summary of each of the 34 ‘core’ indicators in Part 2.