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The Republic of Nauru is one of the smallest independent, democratic states in the world. It is a republic with a Westminster parliamentary system of government but with a slight variance as the President is both head of government and head of state. The island is small, isolated, coral capped with 21 km2 in area, 20 km in circumference, located in the central Pacific Ocean 42 km south of the equator and 1287 km west of the International Date Line. Ocean Island (Banaba) is its nearest neighbour.

Similar to the remaining Pacific Island Countries (PICs), Nauru is very much aware and concerned about environmental degradation and global warming and their detrimental effects. Nauru is one of the world's smallest independent nations and is located approximately 50km south of the equator at the geographical coordinates 0°31’S and 166°56’E. It is a raised atoll comprising a single island with a maximum elevation of 71m, approximately 6 km long (NE-SW) by 4 km wide (NW-SE).