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The world economic forum now ranks biodiversity loss as a top-five risk to the global economy, and the draft port 2020 Global biodiversity Framework proposes an expansion of conservation areas to 30 % of the earth's surface by 2030 (hereafter the 30% target) using protected areas (PAs) and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)

Coastal ecosystems such as mangroves can reduce risk to people and infrastructure from wave damage and flooding. The continued provision of these coastal defence services by mangroves is dependent on their capacity to adapt to projected rates of sea level rise. This report exploresthe capacity of mangrove soil surfaces to increase in elevation in response to local rises in sea level.