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Experiences have shown that where development initiatives are determined and controlled externally with minimal input from the intended beneficiaries, the success rate is low. IWP emphasizes a participatory approach where the primary stakeholders' participation is crucial throughout the process of a development cycle. And it is them that should define any external assistance to suit their local situation leading to best possible choices of action for finding sustainable solutions for resources management concerns identified.

The Upper Navua River cuts a narrow gorge through the province of Serua in the central highlands of Viti Levu. The Navua River represents Fiji's third largest freshwater drainage. The gorge is approximately 75 meters deep and varies in width from 5 to 25 meters. The Upper Navua Conservation Area (UNCA) encompasses tins never gorge and approximately 58% of die entire catchment area. Lush highland rainforest surrounds the entire drainage and provides a host of botanical cures diat are utilized by die indigenous peoples of the area. The forest, over and associated biodiversity provide die necessary supplies and food required for daily living and a wide range of ecosystem services to the entire catchment area including flood control for lower areas.