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We reviewed feral cat eradication campaigns on islands with the primary intent of assessing the approaches, successes, and challenges of these conservation actions to help facilitate future island conservation programs. We reviewed documented impacts of feral cat populations on island ecosystems and the recovery of native populations after cat removal. We then analyzed key aspects of these eradication campaigns to identify future directions and challenges of cat eradication. We compiled data from published and gray literature and personally communicated with over 60 researchers and conservation practitioners, covering most of the world’s insular regions.

Oceans play a crucial role in, amongst others, global biogeochemical cycles, in regulation of the climate and in the provision of food to sustain human populations. In particular people living in coastal areas in developing countries depend on marine food as their major source of proteins. Therefore it is not surprising that coastal zones are heavily populated.

Wastewater causes serious environmental and human health problems, especially in coastal zones.These is no single solution to solve such problems, because of the large variation in economic, social, cultural and physical characteristics in an area.

Scientific evidence of human interference with the climate first emerged in the international public arena in 1979 at the First World Climate Conference (see timelines). As public awareness of environmental issues continued to increase in the 1980s, governments grew even more concerned about climate issues. In 1988 the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 43/53, proposed by the Government of Malta, urging: "... protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind."