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UNEP GRID-Arendal Maps and Graphics library [website]

Reef survey systems such as ReefCheck by Hodgson (1999), methods adapted for Earthwatch volunteers and conservation projects by White etal. (2000), and ReefBase's Aquanaut system by McManus etal. (1997) are available for SCUBA divers who wish to do coral reef monitoring with the benefit of some initial training. There are also other methods such as the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network system described by English etal. (1997) for reef scientists who wish to achieve more detailed monitoring. But because there are not enough volunteer SCUBA divers and reef scientists to monitor all the world's coral reefs or even Philippine reefs, simpler methods for non-SCUBA divers were developed from the existing methods. This is a guide for communities and field level staff who are involved in project implementation in how to do low-cost, less technical surveys to evaluate the effectiveness of their coastal management efforts.

Underwater Cultural Heritage encompasses all traces of human existence that lie or were lying under water and have a cultural, archaeological or historical character. Over the centuries, thousands of ships, entire cities, and even landscapes have been swallowed by the waves. Their remains now constitute a precious heritage, which attracts increasing attention from the scientifi c community and the public at large. Scientists are fi nding more and more unique traces of the history of humanity under water. The oldest human remains in the Americas have been discovered in a fl ooded cave, the waters of the Mediterranean hide the remains of one of the Wonders of the World, the Pharos of Alexandria. Neanderthalian hunting grounds and painted caves have been found under water, as have been Maya sacrifi cial sites and ancient pile dwellings, and last but not least, immense and tragic shipwrecks fi re the imagination and expectation of scientists and the public.

Sandwatch provides a framework for children, youth and adults, with the help of teachers and local communities, to work together to critically evaluate the problems and conflicts facing their beach environments, and to develop sustainable approaches to address these issues. It also helps beaches become more resilient to climate change. The preliminary chapters of this publication focus on how to get started with Sandwatch activities and examine ways to address climate change impacts. The principle aim of this publication is to document the Sandwatch methodology: monitoring, analysing, sharing and taking action. An activities-orientated approach is used to provide step-by-step instructions to cover monitoring methods and data analysis, including observation and recording, erosion and accretion, beach composition, human activities, beach debris, water quality, waves, longshore currents, plants and animals. The activities are related to (a) sustainable development issues, including: beach ownership, mining beaches for construction material, conflict resolution between different beach users, pollution, conservation of endangered species, and (b) climate change adaptation issues: sea level rise, rising temperatures, ocean acidification and increased extreme events. Ways to share findings and create a Sandwatch network are detailed including methods such as the use of local media, websites, social networking and video production. Finally, ways are discussed to design, plan and implement a Sandwatch project to fulfill one or all of the following criteria: (a) addressing a particular beach-related issue, (b) enhancing the beach, and (c) promoting climate change adaptation.

Land, seascapes and natural resources are increasingly being set aside for protection in response to various drivers: to tackle biodiversity loss, to prevent deforestation as a climate change mitigation strategy, to restore declining fisheries. Within the biodiversity conservation sector, the impacts (positive or negative) of protected areas on local and indigenous communities have generated a lot of debate and discussions – and this discussion is escalating as other protection schemes come into play – for example Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation.

The purpose of this is to enable invasive species management practitioners to share information on equipment they have used and where it can be purchased. All the information on the catalogue has been provided by practitioners.

In key organizations that experts and institutions in various fields involved in cultural heritage international cooperation to participate, the Secretariat National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo has entrusted management from the Agency for Cultural Affairs. And at the same time to promote network building and information sharing between the consortium members, we have a research and dissemination and awareness-raising activities related to cultural heritage international cooperation activities

Shinichi Kitaoka JICA president, April 7, attended the public event to discuss are affected by the conflict, which the Brookings Institution (Washington DC) was organized, about the role of development in highly vulnerable areas, keynote with perform, it took part in the panel discussion. (In an unstable region, how to realize the development), "Securing Development in Insecure Places" in the this event, titled, US State Department of Sharon Morris Deputy Assistant Secretary (Near East, the Western Hemisphere and Europe in charge), Georgetown University Edmund • a • Walsh diplomacy School of Joel Hermann science director, Brookings Institution Bruce Jones Vice-President and foreign policy program director (or more panelists), Homi crow Senior Fellow and global economy and development program of the Institute deputy director (moderator, moderator) will participate, for the role of development aid in conflict-vulnerable region, lively discussion from a professional point of view have been made. It should be noted that, in the event, the US government, development agencies, universities and research institutes, diplomatic corps, and the private sector, NGO, mass media, etc. about 120 people took part. Kitaoka Chairman, in the keynote speech, reviewing the history of parallel Japan of international cooperation, which began from Asia and the post-war compensation, but was also failures and inadequacies, generally the experience that helped the Asian countries of the development-oriented Although it was a success, it said to have contributed significantly to job creation and poverty reduction through the stabilization of the country, the economic development.