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Monitoring possum numbers following 1080 poison control at Mapara reserse
BRB

Stephens, Theo

1992
1080 poisoned baits (Wanganui No. 7) were aerially spread throughout the three blocks of Mapara reserve in September 1990 and again in October 1991 to control possums. Changes in possum abundance were monitored by trapping, using a modified version of Seber's "removal method". A trapping method was chosen in preference to spotlight counts, bait take and pellet counts because a suitable control area, critical to these methods, was not available; traps were already in place on permanent sets; and trapping contributes to the control objective. The removal index was considered more suitable for monitoring than the simpler catch per unit effort index (number of possums caught per 3 trap-nights) because the latter is affected by variation in possum catchability, as well as possum abundance. The removal method depends on obtaining declining catches on successive nights. There is a significant risk that the method will not give a meaningful result if trapping intensity is inadequate or if nightly variation in catchability is excessive. The catch per unit effort index is still available if an abundance index based on the removal method is unobtainable. The 1990 poison operation reduced possum numbers to 21% of pre-poison abundance (95% Confidence Limits (CL) were 13.8% and 28.2%). During the following year, possum numbers built up to 39.5% (95% CL 28.7% and 50.3%) of pre-poison abundance and 1991 poison operation caused a non-significant reduction to 32.2% (95% CL 21.8% and 42.6%). Thus the September 1991 operation probably did not reduce possum densities to the level attained in October 1990. The reason for the poor kill following the 1991 poison drop is unknown, although several possibilities are identified.
Response of Exotic Invasive Plant Species To Forest Damage Caused By Hurricane Isabel
BRB
Available Online

Boucher, D.H.

,

Kyde, K.I.

,

Snitzer, J.L.

2005
In September 2003, Hurricane Isabel caused unexpectedly high levels of wind damage to an 80-to 100-year-old forest in the Piedmont of Maryland. The storm had decreased in intensity from landfall by the time it reached the study site—sustained winds were moderate and maximum gusts recorded in the area were only 62.7 mph (28.1 m?s-1). Midsized gaps (up to 1 ha) were created in forest that historically had only small or single-tree gaps. Isabel created the opportunity to determine whether natural disturbance facilitates the spread of exotic invasive plant species. Exotic invasive species populations were sampled in 400 5 x 5 m quadrats in a heavily damaged 1-ha, long-term forest study plot and in 160 5 x 5 m quadrats in 0.4 ha of a nearby, less-damaged forest between mid-October and mid-December 2003. Light levels (quantum flux density of photosynthetically active radiation) in the heavily disturbed Permanent Plot and the Less Damaged control plot were surveyed in October 2003 and 2004. The fall 2004 resurvey for exotic plants has also been completed. Based on a random sample of the fall 2004 exotics data, exotic invasive plant species responded strongly to the increased light levels in patches of forest damaged by Isabel. Collectively, the mean increase in percentage cover of exotic plants was 47.8% in high-light canopy gaps versus only 4.8 % in low-light non-gaps and 4.2% in the less-damaged forest. Several individual exotic species—Polygonum perfoliatum, Polygonum positive responses to higher light levels. The shadeloving caespitosum, and Lonicera japonica had significant biennial, Alliaria petiolata, changed significantly in the opposite direction, decreasing in the high-light areas and increasing in the lowlight areas. The authors are also investigating the interaction of exotic plants with native plants, forest regeneration, and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in damaged areas. Study areas and exclosures for these projects were set up in 2004 and will be resurveyed beginning in 2005.