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Although the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) spreads across 822,779 square miles of the Pacific Ocean, its land mass is only 70 square miles in total and its maximum elevation is 2 metres. These facts alone make human life in RMI particularly reliant on stable conditions in the natural environment on land and sea, and provide a strong reason for looking after and preserving the conditions that have to date provided for the flourishing of Marshallese society.

In October 1997, Environment Australia and the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) sponsored a project that was undertaken at the Republic of Marshall Islands Environmental Protection Authority (RMI EPA). This project is part of Phase III of the Australia/SPREP Vulnerability Initiative for Atoll States.