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The Republic of Kiribati is located at the center of the Pacific Ocean. The Phoenix Islands are in the center of the Republic of Kiribati between the Line Islands to the east and the Gilbert Islands to the west. The Phoenix Islands are composed of eight islands. These include: Abariringa, Birnie, Enderbury, Manra, McKean, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki. The Phoenix Islands have been known by a variety of names over the years.

There is no shortage of provisions relating to waste management issues in the current laws of Kiribati. While it may be useful to consider the opportunities for recognising the role of the community in waste management under the laws of Kiribati, there would appear to be only limited scope for effective legislative action in this regard. The role of Local Government Councils is clear and this is effectively provided for the in the Local Government Act 1984. If the problem is one of planning, capacity or prioritisation, or any combination of these, then amendment to the laws of Kiribati is unlikely to provide an effective outcome.