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Many requsts to extend the seagrass guides series to southern temeperate species were made following the success of A guide to the tropical seagrasses of the Indo-West Pacific and encouraged this endeavour. On embarking on this new task, the three of us, Kathryn, Paul and I, concentrated on the seagrasses of south Australia. However, we quickly realised that adding the seagrasses of New Zealand, South America and southen Africa wouldn't expand things dramatically, so we included them...

The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) and JICA prepared the Pacific Regional Solid Waste Management Strategy (2010-2015) (hereafter referred to as RS2010) where a number of priority areas where identified for the SWM sector. The J-PRISM regional outputs were developed considering some of these priorities. The activities of the J -PRISM project are implemented through assignment of counterparts by each of the 11 PICs covered in the Project to work with experts dispatched by JICA. The JICA Chief Advisor for this project is stationed in Samoa and is supported by a regional expert serving as Assistant Chief Advisor and two JICA project coordinators dispatched from Japan. During the period from project commencement in 2011 to 2013, JICA dispatched 6 short term experts to the region, working under the Chief Advisor and having responsibilities for specified countries of the 11 PICs covered under the project. Short term experts A and E were assigned responsibilities for PNG, Solomon and Vanuatu. Samoa was covered directly by the Project Office.The Experts dispatched under this JICA Expert Team (JET) were responsible for the Project activities in the four PIC countries of PNG, Solomon, Vanuatu and Samoa. In addition to the regional outputs, each of the 11 individual countries developed their own outputs. These are shown in Figure 3, together with the cities targeted in each country for the project and the populations and estimated waste generation amounts for each of these cities. Details of the PDMs for each of the four countries are provided in the attachments of this report.

Little data is available on the amounts and types of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated on Upolu, as regular waste assessments are not undertaken. Information that is currently available indicates that per capita MSW generation in diff erent parts of Upolu varies between 0.38 kilograms (kg) and 0.48 kg per person per day, depending on income levels, extent of urbanization, and other factors. MSW generation rates are most likely considerably higher in Apia than in the villages. Assuming an average per capita generation rate of 0.45 kg per person per day and a population of 138,000, the MSW household generation rate is therefore about 60 tons per day, or more than 20,000 tons per year. From mid-2012 until the year 2030, assuming nominal growth in population and per capita waste generation, Upolu is therefore expected to generate in excess of 350,000 tons of household waste, which is a significant amount for a small island nation. Added to this would be

The purpose of this study is to review theoretical and empirical findings in economics with respect to the challenging question of how to manage invasive species. The review revealed a relatively large body of literature on the assessment of damage costs of invasive species; single species and groups of species at different geographical scales. However, the estimated damage costs show large variation, from less than 1 million USD to costs corresponding to 12% of gross domestic product, depending on the methods employed, geographical scale, and scope with respect to inclusion of different species. Decisions regarding optimal management strategies, when to act in the invasion chain and which policy to choose, have received much less attention in earlier years, but have been subject to increasing research during the last decade. More difficult, but also more relevant policy issues have been raised, which concern the targeting in time and space of strategies under conditions of uncertainty. In particular, the weighting of costs and benefits from early detection and mitigation against the uncertain avoidance of damage with later control, when the precision in targeting species is typically greater is identified as a key challenge. The role of improved monitoring for detecting species and their spread and damage has been emphasized, but questions remain on how to achieve this in practice. This is in contrast to the relatively large body of literature on policies for mitigating dispersal by trade, which is regarded as one of the most important vectors for the spread of invasive species. On the other hand, the literature on how to mitigate established species, by control or adaptation, is much more scant. Studies evaluating causes for success or failure of policies against invasive in practice are in principal non-existing.

This book is an outcome and an important part of the legacy of COST Action 735, whose overall aim was to develop tools for estimating air-sea fluxes of compounds important for climate, air quality and ocean productivity. The action was closely allied with the SOLAS (Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study) project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), with both having very similar objectives. Because of this, they were mutually supportive in many ways. The action ran for 5 years, starting in September 2006 and ending in September 2011. It involved more than 300 scientists mainly from Europe (77 % from the following 18 countries: Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom) but with a significant number from outside Europe, so that in total scientists from 30 countries participated. One third of the participants were female. The action had a reciprocal agreement with New Zealand. Additional information about the action can be found at http://www.cost-735.org/.

The Pacific POPs release reduction through improved management of solid and hazardous waste project was developed with the aim to improve poor regional waste management, the principal source of unintentionally produced POPs (dioxins and furans) emissions in the Pacific region, and therefore help address the obligation of Stockholm Convention Parties to reduce, minimize and where feasible, eliminate dioxins and furans. An Inception Meeting to increase stakeholder awareness of the project and to build stakeholder engagement is considered a critical component of project management by the Implementing Agency. This meeting was held in November 2013. The Project Inception Report presented here is the corresponding reporting requirement for this meeting specified in the Project Document (ProDoc)that includes a detailed narrative describing: i). the institutional roles and responsibilities of the project partners; ii). stakeholder engagement commitments; iii). progress on project establishment and start up activities; iv). a detailed project management plan; v). a project supervision plan; and vi). a monitoring and evaluation plan suitable for progress tracking purposes.

From the red grouse to the Ethiopian bush-crow, bird populations around the world can provide us with vital insights into the effects of climate change on species and ecosystems. They are among the best studied and monitored of organisms, yet many are already under threat of extinction as a result of habitat loss, overexploitation and pollution.

Are you a driven, high-performing woman who feels tired and low in energy? Do you often feel overwhelmed and stressed? Filled with practical advice, Powered by Health provides modern women with the 'know how' to be able to take their health and productivity to a whole new level. Health coach and behavior change specialist, Amanda Bigelow has identified Five Principles of Integrative Health which lead to super health and vitality. In this book, you will learn how to: Recognise which foods are not nourishing you and then crowd them out with good nutrition Move your body in a way it loves Become accountable to yourself by doing what you say you will Rediscover wonderful aspects of yourself that you'd put aside Reflect, and deal with the bigger issues in your life including relationships and career. Containing real life stories to illustrate key points, a simple survey to diagnose your own health status, and exercises and tools designed to strengthen and revitalise you, Powered by Health will help you take positive action for your health. If you have that niggling feeling that your health could be a lot better, this book will provide you with a roadmap from where you are now to where you dream you could be.

This report summarizes the activities undertaken by the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation in the Cook Islands. It was developed as one of the products of the Global Reef Expedition: Cook Islands research project to meet one of the requirements of the research permit issue #35/12 approved by the Foundation for National Research and the Office of the Prime Minister as state in File ref 510.3, Letter No. 152 dated 27th December 2012