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Biodiversity loss is one of the world’s most pressing crises with many species declining to critically low levels and with signifi cant numbers going extinct. At the same time there is growing awareness of how biodiversity supports human livelihoods. Governments and civil society have responded to this challenge by setting clear conservation targets, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity’s 2010 target to reduce the current rate of biodiversity loss. In this context, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ (hereafter The IUCN Red List) is a clarion call to action in the drive to tackle the extinction crisis, providing essential information on the state of, and trends in, wild species.

• A gap analysis is an analysis of how effective our current PA network is in conserving our biodiversity • Essentially the gap analysis is an overlay of the ideal set of conservation areas on the current PA network to see where the gaps are • Why do a gap analysis? I. To promote the strategic expansion of the existing PA network in order to meet agreed NBSAP and CBD commitments II. To strengthen and consolidate the management of existing PA networks III. To fill in the information gaps required to inform i) and ii).