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Collection Biodiversity Conservation
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Action Strategy for Nature Conservation and Protected Areas in the Pacific Island Region 2008-2012: empowering local people, communities and Pacific Institutions

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

Guidelines for urban rat control

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Key, Jill

Rat control guidelines

Pacific Islands Framework for Action on Climate Change 2006-2015 [and Action Plan] - PIFACC

Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

Climate change is one of the most serious threats to sustainable development and to the very survival of Pacific Island Countries and communities. In 2007 the Pacific Islands Forum Leaders reiterated their deep concern over this serious and growing threat to the economic, social and environmental well being of Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs), their communities, peoples and cultures. They have been calling on the international community to take concerted action to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere since 1990. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report shows unequivocally that climate change is occurring and that it is very likely caused by human actions. Adaptation to climate change is now an inevitable requirement, as the Earth begins responding to greenhouse gases already emitted. In this regard the Leaders recognized the special concerns and interests of the small low lying island countries on the adverse implications of climate change, in particular sea level rise. The Leaders welcomed the guidance from the IPCC that it is physically and economically feasible to mitigate climate change and that with concerted international support, adaptation can also succeed. Conversely, without serious action, the global economy and the fragile resources of the Pacific will be severely affected.

Community Water Monitoring Guide

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

'Is your water safe to drink?' is designed for use with the Community Water Governance Guide and will help teaches and community leaders understand the importance of testing water to ensure it is safe to drink and does not spread disease within the community.

Community Water Governance Guide

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

'Governing water' is a community water governance guide that enables community facilitators, leaders and teachers in Fiji to mobilize communities in improving access to water and its effective use. The guide outlines the bigger issues of water use and its implications for governance and development, before using example from communities to outline the particular challenges of water supply and solutions to problems

Efficacy of alternative low-cost approached to mangrove restoration, American Samoa

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Three mangrove restoration methods were tested at Nu'uuli, Tutuila island, American Samoa. Since cleaning 27 years ago converted the mangrove into a mudflat, the ecosystem showed no natural regrowth despite an ample supply of propagules.

Strategic plan of actions for the Conservation of Western Pacific Leatherback Turtle Populations and their habitats in the Bismarck Solomon Seas Eco-Region

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

In general, leatherback turtles face serious threats at all life stages, both on the beaches where they nest and hatch and in the water where they spend most of their life time. Sea turtle eggs are collected for food, while in some areas juveniles and adults are hunted for their meat and oil. Habitats that are keys to their survival are rapidly being degraded due to coastal development. They are also killed in great numbers as incidental catch, or by catch, in fisheries. As eggs and hatchlings, turtles are subject to significant predation from introduced predators, such as foxes and wild pigs, as well as natural predators.

Land use history, hurricane disturbance, and the fate of introduced species in a subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Lugo, Ariel E.

Thomlinson, John

Thompson, Jill

Tropical forests are suffering from increasing intensities and frequency of disturbances. As a result, non-native species accidentally introduced or intentionally planted for farming, plantations, and ornamental purposes may spread and potentially invade undisturbed native forest. It is not known if these introduced species will become invasive, as a result of recurrent natural disturbances such as hurricanes. Using data from three censuses (spanning 15 years) of a 16-ha subtropical wet forest plot, we investigated the impact of two hurricanes on populations of plant species that were planted in farms and plantations that were then abandoned and from the natural spread of species introduced into Puerto Rico in the past. The populations of four species (Citrus paradis, Mangifera indica, Musa sp., and Simarouba glauca) changed little over time. Six species (Artocarpus altilis, Calophyllum calaba, Genipa americana, Hibiscus pernambucensis, Syzygium jambos, and Swietenia macrophylla) declined between the first two censuses after Hurricane Hugo, then increased again in Census 3 after Hurricane Georges. Spathodea campanulata gradually increased from census to census, while Coffea arabica declined. These introduced species represent only a small part of the forest basal area and few show signs of increasing over time. The number of stems per plant, new recruits, and the growth rates of these introduced species were within the ranges of those for native plant species. The mortality rates over both census intervals were significantly lower for introduced species ( 5% year?1) than for native ones (15% year?1). Many new recruits established after Hurricane Hugo (prior to this study) had opened the forest canopy and these high mortality rates reflect their death as the canopy recovered. Only Swietenia macrophylla and Syzygium jambos showed an increase in stem numbers in the closed canopy area of forest that had suffered limited human disturbance in the past. A future increase in frequency of disturbance may enable greater stem numbers of introduced species to establish, while lower-mortality rates compared to native species, may allow them to persist during inter-hurricane intervals. An increase in the population of introduced species, especially for those that grow into large trees, may have an impact on this tropical forest in the future.

Bikini Atoll coral biodiversity resilience five decades after nuclear testing

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Beger, Maria

Pinca, Silvia

Richards, Zoe T.

Wallace, Carden

Five decades after a series of nuclear tests began, we provide evidence that 70% of the Bikini Atoll zooxanthellate coral assemblage is resilient to large-scale anthropogenic disturbance. Species composition in 2002 was assessed and compared to that seen prior to nuclear testing. A total of 183 scleractinian coral species was recorded, compared to 126 species recorded in the previous study (excluding synonomies, 148 including synonomies). We found that 42 coral species may be locally extinct at Bikini. Fourteen of these losses may be pseudo-losses due to inconsistent taxonomy between the two studies or insufficient sampling in the second study, however 28 species appear to represent genuine losses. Of these losses, 16 species are obligate lagoonal specialists and 12 have wider habitat compatibility. Twelve species are recorded from Bikini for the first time. We suggest the highly diverse Rongelap Atoll to the east of Bikini may have contributed larval propagules to facilitate the partial resilience of coral biodiversity in the absence of additional anthropogenic threats.

Takitumu Lagoon Pilot Program: Community Input, and Monitoring and Evaluation - Stakeholder Report

Biodiversity Conservation

Cahn, Miranda (Dr.)

Tuara, Angeline

This report documents the activities, outputs, outcomes and recommendations resulting from the May - June 2007 input of Mrs Angeline Tuara.

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