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This island nation contains many marine eco-systems, from globally significant coral reefs to mangroves, seagrass areas, seamounts and deep-sea trenches supporting at least 769 fish species, including sharks and rays, as well as whales, dolphins and sea turtles.

The Pacific Islands Greenhouse Gas Abatement through Renewable Energy Project (PIGGAREP) is a Global Environment Facility (GEF) US$5.25 million project in eleven Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Implementation of the project started on 1 January 2008. PIGGAREP’s planned five year duration has been extended to six and a half years, with a scheduled end date now of December 2013.

The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) submitted its Initial National Communication in October, 1999. This Second National Communication uses it as the baseline to document the increases in FSM's vulnerability to climate change, and changes in its greenhouse gas emissions, since the Initial National Communication was prepared. This National Communication also reports on the efforts FSM is making to reduce its emissions and to identify and implement adaptation options that reduce climate risks.

The Government and UNDP have entered into a commitment to govern UNDP's assistance to the cook islands provided under the special Fund Agreement with New Zealand("SFA")Signed by the New Zealand government on its behalf on 29 june 1963. This Country Programme Action Plan together with the Annual Workplans(AWP),(which shall be deemed annexes to this CPAP)Concluded hereunder constitute toghther the project documents as refered to in the SFA.

Challenges and the way forward for Pacific Island countries

Tuvalu, which consists of nine coral atoll islands, is widely dispersed over 1.2 million square kilometers of the Pacific Ocean stretching in a north-south direction over some 560 kilometres between latitudes 5 and 11 degrees south and over longitudes 176 and 180 degrees east. The total land area of the country is approximately 25.6 square kilometres, which is relatively evenly distributed across the nine atolls. The land is low lying with no point higher than four metres above sea level. Coastal erosion is a major problem for most islands of the group and, without proper control measures; the total land area of the country will be detrimentally affected.