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L'objectif de l'étude est de proposer un cadre juridique propice à la biosécurité de Wallis et Futuna, qui réinvestisse les dispositions préexistantes en les étoffant et les renforçant. Cela répond à un contexte où les textes relatifs à la biosécurité de Wallis-et-Futuna étais épars, hétérogènes et en partie obsolètes. Les enjeux de biosécurité poussent à la réflexion vers un corpus complet, cohérent et actualisé en la matière. Le droit international et régional, notamment les directives de Port-Moresby de 2007, permettent d’alimenter la réflexion en la matière. Pour réaliser cette proposition ont été réalisés : (i) des entretiens, (ii) des analyses bibliographiques et synthèses de doctrine, de droit comparé, de droit régional, de droit international, proposition légistique et (iii) des analyses bibliographiques, propositions de listes et de fiches techniques.

Biological control of introduced weeds in the 22 Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) began in 1911, with the lantana seed feeding fly introduced into Fiji and New Caledonia form Hawaii. To date, a total of 62 agents have been deliberately introduced into the PICTs to control 21 weed species in 17 countries.

Biological control of introduced weeds in the 22 Pacific island countries and territories (PICTs) began in 1911, with the lantana seed-feeding fly introduced into Fiji and New Caledonia from Hawaii. To date, a total of 62 agents have been deliberately introduced into the PICTs to control 21 weed species in 17 countries. A further two agents have spread naturally into the region. The general impact of the 36 biocontrol agents now established in the PICTs ranges from none to complete control of their target weed(s). Fiji has been most active in weed biocontrol, releasing 30 agents against 11 weed species. Papua New Guinea, Guam, and the Federated States of Micronesia have also been very active in weed biocontrol. For some weeds such as Lantana camara, agents have been released widely, and can now be found in 15 of the 21 PICTs in which the weed occurs. However, agents for other commonly found weeds, such as Sida acuta, have been released in only a few countries in which the weed is present. There are many safe and effective biocontrol agents already in the Pacific that could be utilised more widely, and highly effective agents that have been released elsewhere in the world that could be introduced following some additional host specificity testing. This paper discusses the current status of biological control efforts against introduced weeds in the 22 PICTs and reviews options that could be considered by countries wishing to initiate weed biological control programmes.

Biological control of weeds in Vanuatu began in 1935, with the introduction of the tinged Teleonemia scrupulosa to control Lantana camara. To date, nine biological control agents have been intentionally introduced to control eight weed species. Seven of these agents have established on their respective hosts while an eighth, Zygogramma bicolorata, an agent for Parthenium hysterophorus has only recently been released and establishment is unlikely.

PACC reports

Reports from the PACC project