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  • Author Asian Development Bank
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A region at risk - The human dimensions of climate change in Asia and the Pacific
Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation
Available Online

Asian Development Bank

2017
The Asia and Pacific region is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Unabated warming could significantly undo previous achievements of economic development and improvements of living standards. At the same time, the region has both the economic capacity and weight of influence to change the present fossil-fuel based development pathway and curb global emissions. This report sheds light on the regional implications of the latest projections of changes in climate conditions over Asia and the Pacific. The assessment concludes that, even under the Paris consensus scenario in which global warming is limited to 1.5°C to 2°C above preindustrial levels, some of the land area, ecosystems, and socioeconomic sectors will be significantly affected by climate change impacts, to which policy makers and the investment community need to adapt to. However, under a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario, which will cause a global mean temperature rise of over 4°C by the end of this century, the possibilities for adaptation are drastically reduced. Among others, climate change impacts such as the deterioration of the Asian “water towers”, prolonged heat waves, coastal sea-level rise and changes in rainfall patterns could disrupt ecosystem services and lead to severe effects on livelihoods which in turn would affect human health, migration dynamics and the potential for conflicts. This assessment also underlines that, for many areas vital to the region’s economy, research on the effects of climate change is still lacking.
Engaging Communities in Marine Protected Areas: Concepts and strategies from current practice
Available Online

Davis, Katie

,

Ferris-Smith, Matt

,

Lee, Margaret

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Miller, Samantha

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Otts, Joe

,

University of Michigan

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Zilinskas, Michelle

2014
This study provides information and insights about the community engagement strategies in current practice by Marine Protected Area (MPA) managers and community members throughout the United States. Until now, no synthesis of these efforts has been completed. Recognizing this gap, the National Marine Protected Area Center commissioned an external report on community engagement to be undertaken by Master's students at the University of Michigan. Through a literature review, interviews with MPA managers and community members, and an online survey, this report addresses the identified need. Common challenges to community engagement identified by MPA managers and community members are communication, involvement, representation, resource limitations, preconceptions, and staff expertise. Principles of community engagement are: to be proactivite; to be clear about purposes and terms; understand, validate, and speak to the community's concerns; start early with clear expectations; be responsive; be inclusive; build on common needs and goals; and recognise that it all begins with relationships. MPA managers described six objectives for community engagement: 1) to increase awareness and raise visibility of the MPA; 2) to enhance understanding and support for the MPA's purpose and resources; 3) to sustain forma and/or informal communication and collaboration with community members; 4) to encourage MPA-beneficial stewardship behaviours within the communities; 5) to enable others to help advance MPA objectives; 6) to instill community ownership and pride in the MPA. Moving forward, we encourage managers to draw inspiration from the community, celebrate small victories, and share ideas and inspiration.