Search the SPREP Catalogue

This paper presents an annotated inventory of the alien social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae, Vespinae) of the South Pacific Oceanic islands, excluding Australia and Papua New Guinea. Here we include information on invasive social wasp distribution, known introductions and establishment dates, and notes on their invasive ecology. Introduced social wasps in the South Pacific consist of 11 species belonging to the Polistinae (Polistes: n = 7) and Vespinae (Dolichovespula: n = 1; Vespa: n = 1; Vespula: n = 2), nine of which are known to have established across the Pacific. Introduced species were recorded in nine countries and territories (Cook Islands, Easter Island, French Polynesia, Fiji, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Samoa, and Tonga), with the earliest records having happened between the 19th century and the present day. We also provide novel commentary on the ongoing and recently detected incursion of Vespa velutina (an established and impactful invasive species in Europe) into New Zealand. This inventory provides a resource to further understand the invasion biology of social insects and to scaffold risk modelling and management efforts for a taxon of impactful invasive predators in a severely understudied area.

Asian Development Bank member fact sheet. ADB assistance to Samoa supports improvements in the delivery of basic social services, and provision of safer and more efficient road and maritime transportation, better internet connectivity, and effective disaster relief.

Economic growth and investment in infrastructure go hand in hand. A growing economy needs constantly improved infrastructure to ensure that the production and exchange of goods and services happens as smoothly and efficiently as possible

A rapidly growing population, poor human development indicators, and climate change risk exposure demand a public investment policy that is effective so as to ensure the sustainable growth and development of the Solomon Islands

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development places gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls at the heart of its implementation with its promise to “leave no one behind”.

This handbook serves as a guide to the applications, technologies, business models, and regulations that should be considered when evaluating the feasibility of a battery energy storage system (BESS) project.

The Asia and Pacific region is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Unabated warming could significantly undo previous achievements of economic development and improvements of living standards. At the same time, the region has both the economic capacity and weight of influence to change the present fossil-fuel based development pathway and curb global emissions. This report sheds light on the regional implications of the latest projections of changes in climate conditions over Asia and the Pacific. The assessment concludes that, even under the Paris consensus scenario in which global warming is limited to 1.5°C to 2°C above preindustrial levels, some of the land area, ecosystems, and socioeconomic sectors will be significantly affected by climate change impacts, to which policy makers and the investment community need to adapt to. However, under a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario, which will cause a global mean temperature rise of over 4°C by the end of this century, the possibilities for adaptation are drastically reduced. Among others, climate change impacts such as the deterioration of the Asian “water towers”, prolonged heat waves, coastal sea-level rise and changes in rainfall patterns could disrupt ecosystem services and lead to severe effects on livelihoods which in turn would affect human health, migration dynamics and the potential for conflicts. This assessment also underlines that, for many areas vital to the region’s economy, research on the effects of climate change is still lacking.

Port Vila is the capital of Vanuatu. The Port Vila Urban Area (PVUA), defined as the Port Vila Municipality (PVM) and adjoining peri-urban areas, has a population of about 70,000. About 49,300 of these people live in PVM. Per capita gross national income in Vanuatu was approximately 279,402 vatu (Vt) (around $3,073) in 2011.