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Dans le cadre du projet PROTEGE une enquête a été réalisée à Maré par l’Agence néo-Calédonienne de la Biodiversité (ANCB) auprès des chasseurs de chèvres ensauvagées. Les objectifs sont d’évaluer les pratiques et l’effort de chasse, le niveau de prélèvements, la capacité et la volonté de diversifier les techniques de chasse et à augmenter l’effort de chasse, au regard des dégâts constatés. Les chèvres ensauvagées (ou férales, Capra hircus) contribuent à la raréfaction de nombreuses espèces végétales natives et à la dispersion et au développement de plusieurs plantes introduites envahissantes. Aux Îles Loyauté des troupeaux de chèvres sont présents sur une grande partie des corniches littorales de Lifou et de Maré, où la chasse de la chèvre ensauvagée répond principalement à un besoin pour les dons et coutumes, et pour l’autoconsommation. Une pré-enquête a été réalisée par l’animateur PROTEGE (également agent de l’ANCB), afin de recenser les chasseurs de chèvres férales sur Maré et de prendre leurs contacts pour la réalisation de l’enquête. Dans un deuxième temps, l’ensemble des chasseurs de chèvres ensauvagées identifiés ont été contactés afin de répondre à l’enquête.

This is a newsletter about what has been happening lately around the globe. From bushfires in Australia to COVID-19 pandemic and then to Tropical cyclone Harold that hit our neigbhouring countries (Fiji, Vanuatu, Tonga and Solomon Island). Mainly these problems are caused by climate change around the world which affects the health of people and their environment that they live in.

This island nation contains many marine eco-systems, from globally significant coral reefs to mangroves, seagrass areas, seamounts and deep-sea trenches supporting at least 769 fish species, including sharks and rays, as well as whales, dolphins and sea turtles.

The Union continued to shape global policy along so many essential dimensions – illustrating the centrality of IUCN’s work to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Much needed attention was, for instance, given to the plight of our oceans and IUCN was very active in the Ocean Conference for implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (June) as well as the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (July) which focused, in particular, on SDG 14. Not to mention negotiations on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction which made significant and welcome progress this year. Drawing on IUCN’s unique Commission structure, the Union is able to bring excellence, relevance and science to international fora for enhanced sustainability outcomes.

To formally launch the second phase of the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Management (BIOPAMA) programme, a regional inception workshop for the Pacific was held at the Tanoa Tusitala Hotel, Apia, Samoa from 11th to 15th June 2018. The aim of the inception workshop was to ensure that all 15 countries in the Pacific ACP Group of States were engaged for the second phase of BIOPAMA. The working title of the workshop was ‘Regional Workshop on Improving Information and Capacity for More Effective Protected Area Management and Governance in the Pacific’. The invited participants primarily centred on people who are directly involved in work relating to marine, coastal and terrestrial (including inland waters)protected areas including: national government staff, NGO project officers; staff from national, regional and international agencies and institutions, and; resource persons with special technical skills and experience. The ACP Secretariat was represented by Mr Edmund Jackson. The full list of workshop participants can be found in Annex B

Rat eradication has become a common conservation intervention in island ecosystems and its effectiveness in protecting native vertebrates is increasingly well documented. Yet, the impacts of rat eradication on plant communities remain poorly understood. Here we compare native and non-native tree and palm seedling abundance before and after eradication of invasive rats (Rattus Rattus) from Palmyra Atoll, Line Islands, Central Pacific Ocean. Overall, seedling recruitment increased for five of the six native trees species examined. While pre-eradication monitoring found no seedlings of Pisonia grandis, a dominant tree species that is important throughout the Pacific region, post-eradication monitoring documented a notable recruitment event immediately following eradication, with up to 688 individual P. grandis seedlings per 100m2 recorded one month post-eradication. Two other locally rare native trees with no observed recruitment in pre-eradication surveys had recruitment post-rat eradication. However, we also found, by five years post-eradication, a 13-fold increase in recruitment of the naturalized and range-expanding coconut palm Cocos nucifera. Our results emphasize the strong effects that a rat eradication can have on tree recruitment with expected long-term effects on canopy composition. Rat eradication released nonnative C. nucifera, likely with long-term implications for community composition, potentially necessitating future management interventions. Eradication, nevertheless, greatly benefited recruitment of native tree species. If this pattern persists over time, we expect long-term benefits for flora and fauna dependent on these native species.

When the government of Australia created the Great Barrier Reef Region (346,000 km2) in 1975 and subsequently declared parts as sections of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, the protected area greatly surpassed all existing marine protected areas (MPAs) in both scope and scale. Yet it would be nearly 30 years before a second LSMPA or areas greater than 150,000 km2 (see Box 1) was declared. Established as the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve in 2000, the new site was the first truly remote LSMPA. In 2006, the area was slightly expanded and recognised as the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument (362,074 km2), and expanded again in 2016 (1,508,870 km2) to become the largest MPA globally

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are areas of the ocean set aside for long-term conservation aims.| MPAs support climate change adaptation and mitigation while providing other ecosystem services.| Currently 6.35% of the ocean is protected, but only just over 1.89% is covered by exclusively no-take MPAs.| Most existing MPAs do not have enough human and financial resources to properly implement conservation and management measures.| Increased political commitments can help boost the governance of and resources available to MPAs.

In 2010, the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2010-2020 and its 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets. It has since been endorsed by multiple Multilateral Environmental Agreements as a global framework for biodiversity. In 2015, the members of the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals. These constitute two of the most important environment and sustainable development commitments ever made by governments in the international fora, and both recognize the important role of protected areas as a key strategy for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in the targets they contain, for example, Aichi Biodiversity Target 11, SDG goals 14 and 15. The global protected areas estate is therefore an important contribution to achieving these commitments. The Protected Planet Report 2016 assesses how protected areas contribute to achieving the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and relevant targets of the Sustainable Development Goals, and highlights current research and case studies as examples of the role protected areas play in conserving biodiversity and cultural heritage.

There are opportunities to capture more experience from initiatives at the local level, which can support objectives of the NBSAP and strengthen national reporting. Further research on gender and biodiversity can usefully build on the knowledge base on gender and environment themes, and gender and climate change in particular. Research and sharing of experience are also needed to promote and strengthen understanding and awareness of the relevance of gender to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use in the nation context.