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Farmers cultivate steep hillside plantations of taro and bananas. Fishing communities pull tuna and marlin from the blue depths of the Pacific Ocean. Households tend mile after mile of neatly trimmed roadside gardens. Samoa’s beautiful natural environment also offers a striking setting for a rich and complex culture. Communities headed by traditional leaders, the matai, meet regularly in fale, the open-sided houses, to reach communal decisions. And on Sundays the roads are flooded with families dressed in dazzling white clothes flocking to hundreds of churches.

The economic and cultural patterns of Pacific countries have evolved in a manner that places a strong dependence upon the health of their natural environments. Most Pacific countries are characterized by small island masses dispersed over the world's largest ocean. Many of their diverse landscapes and seascapes are unique, but due to geographic isolation and often extremely limited land and freshwater resources they are naturally fragile and vulnerable to change. This is further complicated by the fact that the region is prone to a wide range of natural disasters such as volcanic activities and cyclones, and must face the potentially devastating consequences of an increased of frequency of extreme climatic events coupled with sea-level rise resulting from global climate change.