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World development report 2010: development and climate change

Climate Change Resilience

Available Online

The World Bank

Thirty years ago, half the developing world lived in extreme povertytoday, a quarter. Now, a much smaller share of children are malnourished and at risk of early death. And access to modern infrastructure is much more widespread. Critical to the progress: rapid economic growth driven by technological innovation and institutional reform, particularly in todays middle- income countries, where per capita incomes have doubled. Yet the needs remain enormous, with the number of hungry people having passed the billion mark this year for the first time in history. With so many still in poverty and hunger, growth and poverty alleviation remain the overarching priority for developing countries. Climate change only makes the challenge more complicated. First, the impacts of a changing climate are already being felt, with more droughts, more floods, more strong storms, and more heat wavestaxing individuals, firms, and governments, drawing resources away from development. Second, continuing climate change, at current rates, will pose increasingly severe challenges to development. By centurys end, it could lead to warming of 5°C or more compared with preindustrial times and to a vastly different world from today, with more extreme weather events, many fewer species, and whole island nations submerged. Even our best efforts are unlikely to stabilize temperatures at anything less than 2°C above preindustrial temperatures, warming that will require substantial adaptation.

Coping with climate change in the Pacific island region (CCCPIR) : institutional and donor coordination framework

Climate Change Resilience

Available Online

This report gives a climate change related overview of the institutional and donor framework for the region of the Pacific Islands Countries and Territorires (PICTs).

Helping Islands adapt: a workshop on Regional Action to Combine Invasive Species on Islands to preserve biodiveristy and adapt to climate change: a global island partnership event

Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Steiner, Achim

A Workshop on Regional Action to Combat Invasive Alien Species on Islands to Preserve Biodiversity and Adapt to Climate Change highlighted successes, deepened connections within regions and facilitated the exchange of experiences across regions.While discussions outlined significant obstacles to invasive alien species management2 on islands, they also showcased how targeted successes have led to major gains for conservation and development.Collaboration across developmental and environmental sectors and sustained support are critical to success in this field.Exciting new initiatives are developing to demonstrate large-scale management of invasive alien species across island regions. Next steps to accelerate and expand national, regional and international action and successful outcomes were agreed.The workshop outcomes will help drive effective management of invasive alien species threats to island livelihoods and biodiversity at local, national, regional and international levels.

Climate Change, Coral Reef Ecosystems, and Management Options for Marine Protected Areas

Environmental Governance, Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Keller, Brian D. et al

Marine protected areas (MBA) provide place-based management of marine ecosystem through various degrees and types of protective actions. Habitats such as coral reefs are especially susceptible to degradation resulting from climate change, as evidenced by mass bleaching events over the past two decades. Marine ecosystems are being altered by direct effecrs of climate change including ocean warming, ocean acidification rising sea level, changing circulation patterns, increasing severity of storms, and changing freshwater influxes.

Invasive species and climate change.

Available Online

Climate change is expected to cause extinctions when native plants and animals are prevented from migrating out of their hotter or drier habitats to more suitable climates. But for many species a more imminent or serious threat will be the opportunities created by climate change for invasive species to proliferate and cause more harm. Invasive species have already caused many extinctions and are one of the major causes of decline of native species and ecosystem degradation. The 2009 assessment of the vulnerability of Australias biodiversity to climate change noted that in many cases the impacts of invasive species benefiting from climate change are likely to exceed the direct impacts of climate change.

Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture - Overview of current scientific knowledge

Climate Change Resilience

Bahri, Tarûb (ed.)

Cochrane, Kevern (ed.)

De Young, Cassandra (ed.)

Soto, Doris (ed.)

An overview of the current scientific knowledge available on climate change implications for fisheries and aquaculture is provided through three technical papers that were presented and discussed during the Expert Workshop on Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture. A summary of the workshop outcomes as well as key messages on impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems and fisheries - and aquaculture-based livelihoods are provided in the introduction of this Technical Paper. The first paper reviews the physical and ecological impacts of climate change relevant to marine and inland capture fisheries and aqauculture. The paper begins with a review of the physical impacts of climate change on marine and freshwater systems and then connects these changes with observed effects on fish production processes. It also outlines a series of scenarios of climate change impacts on fish production and ecosystems through case studies in different regions and ecosystems. The second paper tackles the consequences of climate change impacts on fisheries and their dependent communities. It analyses the exposure, sensitivity and vulnerability of fisheries to climate change and presents examples of adaptive mechanisms currently used in the sector. The contribution of fisheries to greenhouse gas emissions is addressed and examples of mitigation strategies are given. The role of public policy and institutions in promoting climate change adaptation and mitigation is also explored. Finally, the third paper addresses the impacts of climate change on aquaculture. It provides an overview of the current food fish and aquaculture production and a synthesis of existing studies on climate change effects on aquaculture and fisheries. The paper focuses on the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on aquaculture, in terms of biodiversity, fish disease and fishmeal. Contribution of agriculture to climate change is addressed and mitigation measures that could be implemented.

IEA training manual : An integrated environmental assessment and reporting training manual - VIA Module: Vulnerability and Climate Change Impact Assessments for Adaptation

Bellali, Johara

Bizikova, Livia

Diakhite, Mamadou Moussa

Habtezion, Zerisenay

Pintér, László

Climate change impacts will affect social and ecological systems in complex and broad-ranging ways as technological, economic, social and ecological changes take place across regions, groups and sectors. Many of these impacts, such as impacts on ecological systems, have cascading effects on social, economic and health outcomes. In order to respond to climate change, more vigorous actions are required to mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and to adapt to unavoidable consequences that are increasing vulnerability around the world.

Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change

Climate Change Resilience

Burbidge, Andrew A.

Hughes, Lesley

Kitching, Roger

Lindenmayer, David

Musgrave, Warren

Smith, Mark Stafford

Steffen, Will

Werner, Patricia A.

This assessment of the vulnerability of Australia's biodiversity to climate change was begun in early 2007 in response to a request from the Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council. This introductory chapter outlines the scope of the assessment and the approach to it taken by the Expert Advisory Group (EAG). The structure of the assessment is then presented in the form of a chapter-by-chapter synopsis, which lays out the flow of logic in the assessment and the major topics addressed by the EAG. Finally, the chapter describes the aims and characteristics of the assessment's key messages and policy directions.

The global deal : Climate change and the creation of a new era of progress and prosperity.

Climate Change Resilience

Nicholas Herbert Stern

When eminent economist Nicholas Stern was commissioned by the British government to direct the largest study ever of global warming, the results made headlines world wide. The Global Deal offers a concise, accessible view of the climate crisis and its possible solutions, as proposed by one of today's greatest economists.

Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change Project (PACC)

Climate Change Resilience, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change Programme (PACC)

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

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