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This report reflects the key outcomes of the 25th PIRT Annual Meeting and is provided for the information of PIRT Members and Working groups, as well as other interested organisations, partners and stakeholders.

Preventing extinctions by raising awareness and improving the implementation of bycatch mitigation measures for seabirds & species of special interest on vessels fishing in EEZ and the high seas

Private PES schemes do not require a specific legal framework beyond basic contract law, but they are usually limited to local water problems. However, scaling their positive results up through a nested approach may require a specific policy and legal framework. PES trading schemes require a specific legal framework as they are rather complex and usually need to be established at the regional or national scale. An appropriate legislative framework which regulates public PES schemes has the potential to stimulate the development of trustworthy markets and to ensure good governance.

In 2019 we obtained information on harvesting levels from 7 villages along the eastern slopes of Mt Tukusmera. The village harvested 202 chicks from the mountain range - all harvested in June or July 2019

42 seabird species are known or suspected to breed in the Pacific 17 are endemic.

Seabirds of the Pacific Islands; 42 species of seabird known or suspected to breed throughout the tropical Pacific islands. 10 are considered endemic. 11 globally threatened (CR, EN, VU) and one near threatened species.

Distribution of recorded seabird colonies in the Pacific, Colonies from Helen reef, Palau in the west to Clipperton in the East and from Marotoro, French Polynesia in the south Uracus, N. Marianas in the north. Nearly 6,000 rows of data, each row represents a single survey of a single species at a single colony.

Statues and biodiversity of seabirds.

This introduction provides an overview and commentary on the papers in a special issue of PARKS, which is devoted to the impact and implications of COVID-19 on the world’s protected and conserved areas. It describes how 11 peerreviewed papers and 14 essays have brought together the knowledge and findings of numerous experts from all parts of the world, supported by several wide-ranging surveys. The resulting global synthesis of experience answers some key questions: why did the pandemic occur? what has it meant for protected and conserved areas, and the people that depend on them? what were the underlying reasons for the disaster we now face? and how can we avoid this happening again? We applaud the international effort to combat the disease but suggest that humanity urgently needs to devote as much effort to addressing the root causes of the pandemic – our fractured relationship to nature. Unless we repair it, humanity will face consequences even worse than this pandemic.