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The Ua Pou islets Pacific rat eradication operation was undertaken in August-September 2023. It attempted a global first of aerially broadcasting rodent bait by drone from a small ship in open sea across the islets of Motu Tākaè, Motu Oa, and Motu Mokohe, at Ua Pou in the Marquesas Islands. The aerial bait application resulted in only two of the three islands having bait successfully applied across their entirety, nonetheless, monitoring 12 months later has confirmed Motu Oa and Motu Tākaè are rat free as is the partially isolated section of Motu Mokohe that was also baited. The eradication success is supported by the establishment of biosecurity knowledge and practices throughout the Ua Pou communities. The results of the seabird and other environmental monitoring will help sustain a commitment over time, as well as benefiting the wider conservation community. The operation demonstrated that drones could be operated off a boat for rodent eradication purposes but was constrained by the consistently strong winds and swell conditions. A larger vessel with a deeper draught is recommended for similar operations in the future and would likely increase the number of flyable days and improve the ease with which take-offs and landings are undertaken by the drone pilots.

The tropical Marquesas islands are characterised by their isolation and high levels of endemicity among native fauna and flora. This includes forty-two percent of the 320 native vascular plants and a diverse terrestrial snail community, with at least 78 species represented. Of the 12 native land birds 11 occur only within the archipelago, several restricted to a single island. Nineteen species of seabird breed there including the most eastern population of the Endangered Phoenix Petrel. Monitoring of seabirds and other species before, during and after the project will inform the impact of removing rats from these islets including how endangered species respond and community interest.

Climate change-- our approach: The science of climate change : scale of the environment challenge ; Economics, ethics and climate change ; Ethical frameworks and intertemporal equity -- Impacts of climate change on growth and development: How climate change will affect people around the world ; Implications of climate change for development ; Costs of climate change in developed countries ; Economic modelling of climate-change impacts -- The economics of stabilisation: Projecting the growth of greenhouse-gas emissions ; Climate change and the Kuznets curve ; The challenge of stabilisation ; Identifying the costs of mitigation ; Macroeconomic models of costs ; Structural change and competitiveness ; Key statistics for 123 UK production sectors ; Opportunities and wider benefits from climate policies ; Towards a goal for climate-change policy -- Policy responses for mitigation: Harnessing markets for mitigation : the role of taxation and trading ; Carbon pricing and emission markets in practice ; Accelerating technological innovation ; Beyond carbon markets and technology -- Policy responses for adaptation: Understanding the economics of adaptation ; Adaptation in the developed world ; Adaptation in the developing world -- International collective action: Framework for understanding international collective action for climate change -- Creating a global price for carbon -- Supporting the transition to a low-carbon global economy -- Promoting effective international technology co-operation -- Reversing emissions from land use change -- International support for adaptation -- Conclusions : building and sustaining international co-operation on climate change.

The Review first examines the evidence on the economic impacts of climate change itself, and explores the economics of stabilising greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The second half of the Review considers the complex policy challenges involved in managing the transition to a low-carbon economy and in ensuring that societies can adapt to the consequences of climate change that can no longer be avoided.