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Invasive alien species (IAS) threaten human livelihoods and biodiversity globally. Increasing globalization facilitates IAS arrival, and environmental changes, including climate change, facilitate IAS establishment. Here we provide the first global, spatial analysis of the terrestrial threat from IAS in light of twenty-first century globalization and environmental change, and evaluate national capacities to prevent and manage species invasions. We find that one-sixth of the global land surface is highly vulnerable to invasion, including substantial areas in developing economies and biodiversity hotspots. The dominant invasion vectors differ between high-income countries (imports, particularly of plants and pets) and low-income countries (air travel). Uniting data on the causes of introduction and establishment can improve early-warning and eradication schemes. Most countries have limited capacity to act against invasions. In particular, we reveal a clear need for proactive invasion strategies in areas with high poverty levels, high biodiversity and low historical levels of invasion.

The Climate Resilient Road Standards (CRRS) Project was funded directly by a grant from the Australian Government (under the PACCSAP Program) to the Government of Vanuatu. This document is a summary for policy makers and provides a snapshot of the main achievements of the project. It aims to raise awareness of the project both within Vanuatu and in the region and provide momentum for future engagement of other communities facing similar issues.

PACC reports

Reports from the PACC project

Technical report